Ischemia Myocardial News

Green Tea Epicatechin Reduces Heart Damage & CHF

2012-01-19T09:31:00.001-08:00

Epicatechin is a member of a group of dietary antioxidants identified as flavonoids. Epicatechin is found in a variety of plant-based foods, but is especially abundant in green tea and dark chocolate.

Standard readers of this column are already familiar with previous investigation research suggesting that green tea flavonoids, such as epicatechin, have been linked to a potential decrease in the risk of cardiovascular illness and cancer, as well as decreased blood pressure in patients with high blood pressure (hypertension). Now, an innovative new laboratory analysis study has suggested that everyday epicatechin supplements may well substantially lessen heart harm, and the danger of congestive heart failure (CHF), following heart attacks (myocardial infarction).

In this study, which appears in the existing matter of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, laboratory rats underwent surgical blockage of their principal coronary artery, which reproduces the acute blockage of human coronary arteries that trigger heart attacks (myocardial infarctions). In one group of rats, every day oral supplements of epicatechin (1 mg/kg per day) had been started prior to tying off the rats' coronary arteries, and were continued just after coronary artery ligation. In a second group of "control" rats, daily water supplements (devoid of epicatechin) had been began ten days prior to coronary artery ligation. Yet a further "manage group" of rats underwent "sham surgery," wherein the chest wall was surgically opened (as with the other two groups of rats), but the coronary arteries were not tied off. In this group of rats, day-to-day epicatechin supplements had been also started ten days prior to their sham operations were performed.

When the hearts of these laboratory animals were evaluated 48 hours soon after their surgically induced heart attacks, the animals that had received every day epicatechin supplements (prior to and immediately after coronary artery ligation) had been found to have 52 percent much less permanently damaged heart muscle (myocardial infarction) when compared to the animals that received only every day "placebo" water supplements. Furthermore, these "control" animals, that underwent coronary artery ligation but did not receive epicatechin supplements, were observed to develop signs of CHF, as was expected, following the surgical induction of a enormous heart attack. Amazingly, the animals that had been pretreated with epicatechin prior to surgical ligation of the most important coronary artery did not display evidence of CHF (these animals' heart function did not significantly differ from that of the "sham surgery" rats that did not have their coronary arteries tied off)!

At three weeks soon after coronary artery ligation, the rats that had received epicatechin supplements, in addition to coronary artery ligation, had, on average, a 33 percent reduce in the extent of dead heart muscle (myocardial infarction) when compared to the "placebo manage" animals that received only water supplements (but no epicatechin) just before and right after coronary artery ligation. Once again, there was a substantial incidence of CHF in the rats that received only water supplements, in addition to coronary artery ligation, three weeks just after surgical induction of myocardial infarction, though the animals that received epicatechin supplements in addition to coronary artery ligation retained standard heart function (related to what was observed in the "sham surgery" rats that did not have their coronary arteries ligated).

This is very an extraordinary research study, as the protective effects of day-to-day epicatechin supplementation following ligation of the key coronary artery in rats was profoundly significant, and essentially prevented the onset of CHF in these laboratory animals. If epicatechin was to be shown to have similar "cardio-protective" effects in humans, then this would enormously increase the possible function of epicatechin, and other associated green tea and dark chocolate flavonoids, in the prevention and remedy of coronary artery illness!

Thankfully, there are numerous clinical research studies that are evaluating the potential cardio-protective effects of epicatechins, and other green tea and dark chocolate flavonoids, in patients with elevated cholesterol, diabetes, and other circumstances that are linked with an increased threat of coronary artery illness and heart attack. (At least one particular other study is also evaluating these similar dietary flavonoids in patients who currently have CHF.)

Meanwhile, green tea is nicely tolerated by most consumers, and if there are no preexisting medical illnesses that prevent you from drinking green tea, then a couple of cups or glasses of green tea a day can aid to decrease your threat of heart attack and CHF. (As often, but, I ought to remind readers that laboratory experiments with rats and mice sometimes do not translate to human beings when the identical therapies are evaluated in high-quality prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical investigation trials with human volunteers.)

To study extra about the role of green tea, dark chocolate, epicatechin, and other dietary flavonoids in the prevention of cancer, appear for the publication of my new landmark book, "A Cancer Prevention Guide for the Human Race," in the summer of this year.

How Smoking Affects The Arteries

2012-01-11T10:32:00.001-08:00

If your patient is a smoker, chances are she has been smoking for a lengthy time and can not be willing to give it up just given that you tell her she has to. So you'll have to have to explain how cigarette smoking puts her at high risk for creating serious, lifethreatening complications, including coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI) .

Affects on Arteries

The chemicals in cigarette smoke cause harm to the coronary artery endothelium, which has currently been damaged by diabetes. These chemicals also raise total cholesterol and triglyceride levels and lessen high-density lipoprotein levels. All of these adjustments lead to coronary artery occlusion and myocardial ischemia or MI. Nicotine, a effective vasoconstrictor, causes vasospasm and increases blood pressure, blood viscosity, and clotting factor concentrations, additional reducing coronary artery blood flow.

Nursing Interventions

If your patient doesn't smoke but lives with somebody who does, explain the dangers of passive smoke, which can be as damaging as smoking itself. Encourage the family members member to quit smoking. If he cannot quit, instruct him not to smoke about the patient. If your patient does smoke, uncover out how a lot she smokes and how motivated she is to quit. If your patient has tried to quit but hasn't been prosperous, encourage her to attempt once more. Ask which approaches she has tried and ask her why she thinks they did not perform.

Address her issues about quitting. For instance, your patient may well be afraid that she'll gain weight. If so, encourage her to seek support from her household and an proper weight control support group.

Talk about with the patient's physician the possibility of working with a transdermal nicotine delivery method or nicotine chewing gum. Having said that, don't forget that these nicotine merchandise, just like cigarettes, might possibly be contraindicated in patients who have CAD or arrhythmias considering nicotine causes vasoconstriction, tachycardia, and increased blood pressure. In patients with diabetes, nicotine causes the release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla, which can result in arrhythmias and other cardiovascular complications.

Refer your patient to a assistance group or smoking cessation program. Even if the physician prescribes a nicotine product to offset withdrawal, she may possibly need to have extra support to assist adjust her behavior.

Oxidative Stress The Bio Mechanics Smoking Gun

2011-11-07T06:54:00.001-08:00

Oxidative stress is the medical equivalent of the sword of Damocles. On the one hand, its free radicals are essential for normal metabolism. On the other hand, it has been implicated in such a catastrophic and degenerative diseases such as stroke, myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure, diabetes, circulatory shock, chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer, asthma, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and neurodegenerative disorders. Oxidative stress is generally defined as an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress can lead to cell and tissue injury. All diseases involve free radikal high-wire balancing act between oxidants and antioxidants must be maintained to ensure the health of the aging process.

Research

great progress has been made recently in research and forensic analysis of oxidative stress. Of particular importance is the discovery of peroxynitrite the fastest non-enzymatic reactions in all of biology. His (NO) free radicals generated by the properties of nitric oxide, a critical engagement in a number of pathologies, such as vasodilation, neural signaling, and inflammation. (NO) is present and acts as a signaling device in every critical cellular function and crucial pathogenic mechanism of overwhelming oxidative injury such as cellular necrosis. However encouraging these recent discoveries is still much to be learned about the effects of peroxynitrite and oxidant properties to the cells on the repair process or to die.

There is general consensus that the reduction in oxidative stress may have some positive health benefits. Overproducing radical free radicals can overwhelm the immune system startup oxidative injury and illness some of which are already mentioned in micronutrients that play a role in the modulation of redox cell signaling provides an important foundation of the relationship between diet and health.

Conclusion

Oxidative stress is a key factor in health and disease. Understanding of their bio-mechanics would go a long way in eradicating some of the most devastating pathologies of modern society.

Be Aware of a Silent Heart Attack If You Are a Diabetic Over 50

2011-09-21T12:06:00.000-07:00

Dr. Bimal Chhajer in his book "Heart Attack", writes about the male diabetic patient, 55 years, who noticed a breath on the way to his office. After consulting their doctor and undergo regular EKG exam showed that she had just been experiencing a silent heart attack. At such moments every second counts, and is rushed to the emergency room immediately.

With the United States is in third place in the world's top countries in patients with diabetes, there is no doubt that the position needs to be addressed when talking about a silent myocardial infarction in these patients. The probability of experiencing a heart attack in diabetics suffering increases with age, due to capillary damage, and likely to develop without any symptoms increases as the nerves become damaged, too.

Reports show important indicators: more than 90% of myocardial infarction experienced diabetes go unnoticed by the patient. In other words, this means that they can get sudden cardiac arrest and do nothing to seek emergency assistance, and thereby reduces the chances of good recovery. From this point of view, it is so important for diabetics to say the symptoms of silent heart attack, because the first line of a group likely to experience it.

A sudden breath that leads to further edema.
Confusional state
Profound weakness
Sudden loss of consciousness
Arrhythmias (can be taken as a pounding heart, the feeling when the "heart rises up to the door")

Inexplicable drop in blood pressure In most cases, myocardial infarction can be prevented, and that is the patient ready and motivated to adopt a healthy lifestyle and avoid the performance of the clot to the heart muscle capillaries. This can be done by limiting the intake of fats and cholesterol, controlling high blood pressure, avoiding a sedentary lifestyle and stress management.

Stress can be a real trigger for silent heart attack. If the other factors likely to be time to build up and increase the likelihood of developing myocardial infarction, silent, but a stressful situation may be the last straw that will trigger a chain reaction that eventually leads to heart muscle death.

There is no way that means you have to wait for that to happen. Enjoy your life as before, followed the doctor's recommendation he / she is to you and so much of her as low risk. Try to have a cell phone in your pocket so you can ask for help when you feel one of these the symptoms of a heart attack.

A large part of diabetics already know about these risks and are prepared in the event of such situations. If you have not talked with the doctor about her yet, but it would be a good idea to schedule a visit and ask more about what exactly can you do if you fear some faint signs of a heart attack and you're alone at home or on the street. This is a very important aspect, because the faster treatment begins, the better the outcome will be.

Ischemic Heart Disease Read More About It

2011-09-21T12:02:00.001-07:00

Ischemic heart disease or coronary artery disease affects the delivery of blood to the heart. This powerful organ responsible for pumping oxygen into the blood supply throughout the body, especially the vital organs such as kidneys and brain. Any deficiency in the heart will affect the supply and this will lead to tissue death.

What happens when you have ischemic heart disease is that blood vessels become narrow or even blocked due to deposition of cholesterol plaques on the vessel.Result is to reduce the supply of vital nutrients and oxygen to the heart muscle. In the end, it will lead to a sudden withdrawal of the blood supply to the heart leading to death in this area and to cause myocardial infarction or heart attack.

There are many factors that cause the development of ischemic heart disease. Smoking, diabetes mellitus and cholesterol levels put you at greater risk. Having elevated blood cholesterol levels will also increase the risk, as well as genetic and hereditary factors. Stress is also thought to be another factor, although it has not yet been determined.

The pain usually is described that feeling of tightness or compression in the center of the chest, and it may take five to twenty minutes. We also tend to break a sweat. It is best to go to the doctor after feeling the pains to verify the presence of this disease. Usually, clinical examination to verify the presence of tendon xanthomas or thickening of the Achilles Tendon and Arcus Lipidus. Anemia, diabetes, obesity, thyroid and peripheral vascular disease are also reviewed.

The treatment of ischemic heart disease may include drug therapy with nitrates, administered sub-lingually. This extended sick coronary arteries. It is very effective when it comes to relieving pain in just a few minutes. Isosorbide dinitrate and isosorbide mononitrate are some of these drugs. They can also be used to prevent pain from taking place.

In order to prevent ischemic heart disease, one must have regular exercise, eat a healthy diet, and keep away from stress. Saturated fats should be avoided to reduce lipid levels and prevent arteriosclerosis.

Another highly effective form of medicine that relieves pain to beta-blockers such as propranolol. This reduces myocardial oxygen demand, therefore reducing the number of heart beats. Calcium channel antagonists would produce vasodilatation and reduces the conductivity of heart muscle and irritability, reducing blood pressure.

If physicians not to treat ischemic heart disease, then surgical therapy is another option. Coronary angioplasty and coronary artery bypass grafting can be applied to get rid of the blockage.

Silent Heart Attacks

2011-09-21T11:58:00.001-07:00

Heart attack, known by its medical name of acute myocardial infarction, a disease state that involves cessation of the bloody supply. Result a lack of oxygen that can damage heart tissue and potentially kill you. Heart attacks are the leading cause of death worldwide. The main stroke risk factors include a history of angina or vascular disease, stroke or previous heart attack, age, excessive alcohol, illegal drug abuse, smoking, episodes of abnormal heart, obesity, high stress levels, high or low cholesterol, high triglycerides, high blood pressure and diabetes.

"Myocardial infarction" is a term derived from the scientific requirements for cardiac muscle, infarction, tissue death due to lack of oxygen - a heart attack. It should be noted that sudden cardiac death is different from a heart attack. Heart Attack May or May not result in sudden cardiac death.

Heart attack symptoms include anxiety, feeling of impending failure, chest pain, sweating, shortness of breath, palpitations, nausea and vomiting. Often, heart attack patients will feel very sick.Symptoms for heart attacks in men are often different from the symptoms in women. Women commonly experience fatigue, shortness of breath and feeling unwell. About a third of all heart attacks are silent and do not consist of any chest pain or associated symptoms.

Silent heart attack can be identified by studying a medical history, blood tests regularly cardiac enzymes, and measuring a person's heart activity via ECG. When someone has a silent heart attack, it is necessary to restore blood flow to the heart immediately to prolong life. The restoration of blood flow can be achieved through the dissolution of clots in the arteries, or by angioplasty, in which the artery is pushed open with the help of balloons. Sometimes, two methods are employed simultaneously.

Silent heart attacks are more common than you believe May. It is estimated that about a quarter of all those who had a heart attack in the past did not have such symptoms as pain in his hand, crushing chest pressure or a feeling of weakness.

A common silent heart attack symptoms include chest discomfort or pain in hands and / or jaws that go after the break, getting tired easily, and experiencing shortness of breath. Of course, chest pain is the most common symptom of heart attack. This is followed by shortness of breath. Many heart attack patients also say they have experienced an overwhelming sense of failure.

Found that aspirin can greatly help those who are in the process of a heart attack. If you think you've had a silent heart attack, it is recommended that you do not acetaminophen aspirin thereafter. This can greatly reduce the amount of damage to the heart. But most of all, if you feel like you've had a heart attack or are at risk for one, seek medical attention immediately.

Lipitor

2008-08-22T14:04:00.000-07:00

Lipitor [atorvastatin] is a lipid lowering agent marketed by PFIZER. It is a synthetic compound of the statin group of drug which helps in lowering the cholesterol levels in the blood. [Lipid lowering agent] With 2006 sales of US$12.9 billion under the brand name Lipitor, it is the largest selling drug in the world Lipitor [atorvastatin] is a competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A [HMG-CoA] reductase, which catalyzes an early, rate limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis. Lipitor [atorvastatin] inhibits this rate-determining enzyme located in hepatic tissue that produces mevalonate, a small molecule used in the synthesis of cholesterol and other mevalonate derivatives. This increases LDL uptake by the liver cells, hepatocytes, decreasing the amount of LDL-cholesterol in the blood. Atorvastatin, a calcium salt is an entirely synthetic compound containing a hepatanoic acid chain that forms a structural analog of the HMG-CoA intermediate.

This leads us to think, why we need to have lower levels of cholesterol? Well, in a nutshell, we have 4 types of lipoproteins in our body, namely, - High density lipoproteins [HDL] - Low density lipoproteins [LDL] - Very low density lipoprotein [VLDL] - Chylomicrons.

Of these, high density lipoproteins are the good lipoproteins while the rest are considered bad for the heart. Cholesterol is a low density lipoprotein and hence needs to be kept in check, since it has been documented at great lengths that increased cholesterol leads to the formation of atherosclerosis which can aggravate myocardial injury in the form of myocardial ischemia further leading to myocardial infarction. Hypercholesterolemia is the presence of high levels of cholesterol in the blood. It's not a disease but a metabolic derangement that can be secondary to many diseases and can contribute to many forms of disease, mainly diseases of the cardiovascular system. Now, researchers say that even normal levels of cholesterol can be heart damaging leading to the term dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia is a disruption in the amount of lipids in the blood. In western societies, most dyslipidemias are hyperlipidemias; that is, an elevation of lipids in the blood, often due to diet and lifestyle. The prolonged elevation of insulin levels can lead to dyslipidemia. Increased levels of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) are known to cause dyslipidemia. Lipitor [atorvastatin] affects blood cholesterol level by inhibiting cholesterogenesis in the liver, which results in increased expression of LDL receptor gene. The greater number of LDL receptors on the surface of hepatocytes results in increased removal of LDL from the blood, thereby lowering LDL-C levels. Thus, Lipitor [atorvastatin] is extensively used for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease since it works in- Reducing risk of myocardial infarction Reducing risk of stroke Reducing risk for angina and revascularization procedures Lipitor [atorvastatin] is extensively metabolized by CYP3A4, an isoform of cytochrome P450.Lipitor has a long half life, which allows administration of this statin at any time of the day Adverse Effects and Drug Interactions: - Hepatotoxicity: Increased levels of hepatic transaminase to values greater than three times the upper limit of normal. Hence it is advisable to measure alanine aminotranferase [ALT] at baseline and 3 to 6 months after therapy is initiated or after increasing the dose. If the ALT values are normal, it is not necessary to repeat the ALT test more than 6 to 12 months. Special precaution must be taken while giving Lipitor [atorvastatin] to patients with history of liver disease. - Myopathy: defined as muscle aches or muscle weakness in conjunction with increases in creatine phosphokinase (CPK) values >10 times ULN Atorvastatin therapy should be temporarily withheld or discontinued in any patient with an acute, serious condition suggestive of a myopathy or having a risk factor predisposing to the development of renal failure secondary to rhabdomyolysis (e.g., severe acute infection, hypotension, major surgery, trauma, severe metabolic, endocrine and electrolyte disorders, and uncontrolled seizures). - reversible myositis - Gastro-intestinal effects like: Abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea and vomiting - Respiratory System : Bronchitis, rhinitis, pneumonia, dyspnea, asthma, epistaxis. - Nervous System: Insomnia, dizziness, paresthesia, somnolence, amnesia, abnormal dreams, libido decreased, emotional lability, in coordination, peripheral neuropathy, torticollis, facial paralysis, hyperkinesia, depression, hypesthesia, hypertonia. - Headache - Altered Liver Function Tests [LFTs] - Anorexia - Alopecia - Impotence - Chest pain - Hypoglycemia - Hyperglycemia Drug interactions: - Antacids - Colestipol - Digoxin - Erythromycin [Macrolide antibiotics] - Oral contraceptive pills - Fibric acid derivatives like clofibrate, fenofibrate, gemfibrozil - Cyclosporine - Niacin - HIV or AIDS medication such as indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, lopinavir-ritonavir, or saquinavir. Special Precautions: - History of liver disease - Chronic alcoholism - Unexplained muscle weakness and pain - Pregnancy - Children under 10 years of age. There are no studies documented on children less than 10 years Therapeutic Uses: - Primary hypercholesterolemia - Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia - Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia - Combined hyperlipidemias. Dosage: Lipitor [atorvastatin] is available in tablets of atorvastatin calcium containing 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg atorvastatin. It is started at 10 mg daily and may be increased to up to 80 mg/day Lipitor [atorvastatin] and simvastatin have somewhat similar rates in decreasing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However the main clinical advantage of Lipitor over Simvastatin is that it is not metabolized by certain liver enzymes, thus its blood concentration is not increased when combined with grapefruit juice which inhibits these enzymes. That means that patients on simvastatin should refrain from drinking grapefruit juice.

by Bianca Casey

The Second Biological Law States that Every Illness Has Two Phases if there is a Conflict Resolution

2008-08-22T14:03:00.000-07:00

The difference between a law and a rule is that rules have exception. The expression an "iron clad law" denotes this distinction.

In Meta-Medicine there are two phases to every illness if one has a conflict resolution. The 2nd phase can be when many symptoms appear, the commonest being fatigue.

Activity : Mainly between 8pm and 6am

Typical symptoms of the parasympathetic nervous system are:

- Fatigue and tiredness - Good appetite - Weight gain - Warm body and extremities - Low blood pressure - Slow heart rate - Wide blood vessels - Digestive organs get much blood - Perspiration, hot skin and body - Fever - All digestive and elimination activities are amplified - Build up of reserves and energy for the next day .

In conventional medicine they classified 500 cold diseases and 500 warm diseases. It can now be seen that the number need be halved as you actually have 500 tandems (two sides of the same coin).

This understanding has huge implications. A new understanding of these facts means that how you respond clinically totally changes.

An Example

A good example is eczema. This is a "contact" conflict or in other words "separation or wanting to be separated."

In the 1st phase there are microscopic changes to the skin which would only be noticed if looked for. There is accompanying desensitization of the area so as to "reduce the pain associated with being separated." When the person/thing is reunited with the subject/object the redness appears.

The Dr. gives cortisone cream which suppresses the redness i.e. pushes one back into 1st phase. When the cream is stopped it reappears so long as this issue with separation persists. In extreme cases one might choose to have the cortisone due to the intense discomfort. This issue will be elaborated on in a later article.

Many diseases have their symptoms in the second phase. The point to beware of is the healing crisis. Essentially the organism replays the whole conflict content again in a compressed fashion. The purpose is that it allows the squeezing out of excess fluid and helps restore the organism to a normal day/night rhythm. With certain organs like the liver and the heart this can be lethal. In the future some of these deaths will be avoided as acute medical care in the form of cortisone injections will help mobilize the body's resources so it can "get over the hill."

The conflict for the myocardium (muscle of heart) is a feeling of being "overwhelmed" equivalent to being dragged through the sand. In the healing phase the blood pressure shoots up, the heart trembles and sometimes a myocardial infarction (heart attack) ensues.

It is important to stress that it is only if the criteria are met in the first biological law will it impact the body. Many people feel overwhelmed and don't have a heart attack.

What is that it making the person unhappy, when did it start, what are the factors responsible for this feeling. Where are they in the process. If as in some instances the healing phase (2nd phase) is leading to peoples death what can be done??

As conventional medicine lacks this understanding they inadvertently keep the patient in fear which always compounds problems. If they knew that some pain was a good sign rather than the beginning of the end things would be very different for many people.

Next article will look at the 3rd biological law. (This shows how the study of embryology yielded invaluable insights into this marvel of Nature.)

"The only thing that gets in the way of my learning is my education." Einstein

by Tremayne Reiss

Mediterranean Diet : Watermelon Can Lower Your High Blood Pressure

2008-08-22T14:02:00.000-07:00

According to the Journal of the American Medical Association, reducing recent research sodium intake has a limited effect in lowering high blood pressure and a minimal effect on people with normal blood pressure. However, in the United States is finding out that a moderate sodium intake combined with a higher intake of potassium, calcium and magnesium, minerals that are found in fruit, vegetables and low-fat dairy products, offers more significant benefits for reducing high blood pressure than just restricting sodium intake. These four minerals, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium work together to regulate blood pressure.

And now, researchers from USDA Agricultural Research Service, Texas A&M University, University of Nevada, and Oklahoma State University, have reported that the levels of arginine in the blood increased by 22 per cent after three weeks of drinking watermelon juice with every meal. Arginine is a substance needed to produce nitric oxide, which has been shown to lower blood pressure, reduce blood clotting and protect against myocardial infarction and strokes.

The study included 23 volunteers who received 1560 grams of watermelon juice per day. Julie Collins, the lead author of the study, reports that the volunteers showed that fasting blood levels of arginine had increased by 22 per cent in three weeks. Because the watermelon juice intervention was not continued longer than three weeks, it is not known if arginine levels will have remained stable at three weeks or if there would have been further increases with prolonged administration, a stated the researchers.

Additional benefits of watermelons The name of this fruit, watermelon, gives us a clear idea of what it is made of. Watermelon is, of all fruits, the one that contains the largest percentage of water, 93%. In fact, two large slices of watermelon are equivalent to one glass of water. Its refreshing and moisturizing qualities, along with its low contribution of energy barely 20 calories in 100 grams- make watermelon, without a doubt, the queen of fruits during summer time.

Choosing a watermelon at the market Watermelons that are grown in the open mature between the end of spring and the beginning of summer, reaching their peak during summer time. To know if a watermelon is just ripe, knock on the peel ; if it sounds hollow it means the fruit is full of water, ripe, and ready for the whole family to enjoy its sweet flavor. Buy pieces that their peal is not damaged with bruises or dents.

If you buy a whole watermelon you can keep it outside the refrigerator for about two weeks since its thick peal protects the inside fruit. But once you start it, keep it in the refrigerator, well rapped so that it does not lose its water content. Watermelons are excellent diuretics: they stimulate kidney activity and increase the production of urine which favors the elimination of toxins. It is low in fiber and its fat content is almost non existent.

Noteworthy is its content of the carotenoids lutein and lycopene. Lycopene, the responsible pigment for the red color in certain fruits, has antioxidant properties that help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

About the Author Emilia Klapp has a bachelor in Nutrition Science. She is certified as a Registered Dietitian by the American Dietetic Association and the author of the book Your Heart Needs the Mediterranean Diet. The book is a must in the prevention of Heart Disease and Diabetes. For more information about the author and the book and to get a FREE list of the 10 Top Mediterranean Curative Foods, go to: http://www.MediterraneanHeart.com

by Emilia Klapp, R.D.,

Pentremine

2008-08-22T14:01:00.000-07:00

A lot of people wish to slim down as quickly as possible. For this reason, they are apt to resort to a variety of quick fixes available on the market. Phentermine is one such diet aid. Many question its efficiency. Phentermine diet pills and their efficacy has been the topic featured on shows like Oprah and ABC News. These pills and other quick fix remedies like them are classified as weight loss pills.

The question of the safety of Phentermine must be examined. The majority of weight loss pills need to be consumed over a long period of time. Hence they promise a significant weight loss only after such a period of continuous consumption. There have been mixed results regarding this leaving the question still remaining: do Phentermine Diet pills work?

So how do these weight loss pills work so that slim down? Essentially, they suppress the appetite and control your cravings for certain foods. Phentermine Civ-XR is America’s strongest appetite suppressant. Even though the majority of these weight loss pills are touted as being organic, a lot of them actually contain the synthetic ingredient ephedrine, which serves as the appetite-suppressing agent.

Included among the documented negative effects of ephedrine are: anxiety, dizziness, tremor, fluctuations in blood pressure or heart rate and rhythm, headache, gastrointestinal discomfort, chest pain, myocardial infarctions (heart attacks), hepatitis, stroke, seizures, neurosis and even death.

These results were reported and published by the Food and Drug Administration.

Despite this, quite a few groups maintain that ephedrine is actually a safe weight loss option. Do Phentermine Diet Pills Work? Check This Out:

Analyses done at Harvard University and Columbia University, for example, have found that ephedrine-based weight loss pills are virtually harmless can be beneficial if no more than a 90 mg dosage is taken in a 24 hours timeframe. A study conducted at Cantox Health Sciences International found out an identical result, based on 19 clinical tests it performed.

So what’s the verdict?

There are many ways in which a person can lose weight. Most of the most efficient weight loss methods incorporate a proper diet and regular eating habits. But overall, Phentermine Diet Pills Do work.

Phentermine Diet pills are fast solutions for any weight loss goal. They will help to control the appetite and unwanted cravings. A healthy rate of metabolism can only be obtained through a healthy diet and regular exercise. If you want to check out Phentermine and other weight loss resources, try these:

by Wayne Coleman

Reductil slimming pill a weight loss medication to obesity treatment

2008-08-22T14:00:00.002-07:00

There are many prescription slimming pills and Reductil is one of them. Learn more about Reductil here.

Slimming pill and diet pill

As more and more people are becoming obese and overweight, the need for slimming pills and diet pills is at its zenith. There are various companies and manufacturers that offer new and improved diet pills, time and again. Some of these diet pills are highly effective while some of them are not only ineffective but also unsafe. Therefore, it is very important to choose the best diet pills that have proven their efficacy and safety.

You can get prescription diet pills, over the counter pills and herbal slimming pills in the market. Prescription diet pills have proven their effectiveness and safety in clinical trials. As the safety and efficacy of over-the-counter and herbal diet pills are not proven and they are not approved and regulated by health authorities, it may prove unsafe to take these.

About slimming pills

If you want prescription diet pills then there are three options for you, Acomplia, Reductil, and Xenical. Let us know more about Reductil diet pills here.

Reductil slimming pill

Reductil slimming pill was originally manufactured by German pharmaceutical company Knoll, which was absorbed by Abbott Laboratories later. This diet pill has been approved by FDA in the US and also by the European Union as its safe to use for weight loss. This slimming pill not only helps in weight loss but also manages weight as it works as appetite suppressant. It is useful to take slimming pill to reduce weight with low calorie diet and light to moderate physical exercises.

This slimming pill can help maintain natural level of two chemicals known as serotonin and noadrenaline in your brain. The main ingredient in this slimming pill is a substance called sibutramine which reduces your craving to eat by affecting chemicals in nerve cells and preventing them from being absorbed into the cells again. On taking this slimming pill, you may not be able to consume more food than is needed which helps you lose weight.

Availability of Reductil slimming pill

Reductil slimming pill is available in all licensed pharmacies in the UK and countries of the European Union. You can easily get this slimming pill after doing the necessary medical consultation and getting a prescription for it. You can also check out the online options for availability of Reductil slimming pill.

Side effects of Reductil slimming pill

Many prescription and O-T-C drugs may be unsuitable for you and cause side effects. This slimming pill may also cause side effects to some extent such as nausea, insomnia, diarrhoea, vomiting, dry mouth and light headedness but it is not necessary that everyone will suffer from side effects of this slimming pill.

Precautions to take for Reductil slimming pill

Like other drugs, you will also need to take some precautions before going for Reductil slimming pill. Children below the age of 18 years and people more than age of 65 years should not take this slimming pill. You should consult a doctor before going for this slimming pill. Below are some of the precautions for Reductil slimming pill:

Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa : Do not take Reductil diet pill if you have these kinds of eating disorders
Psychiatric illness : This slimming pill can induce a manic episode in those with manic/depressive disorders
Tourette syndrome: If you have uncontrolled movements
Coronary heart disease (angina, previous myocardial infarct, CABG or angioplasty) heart failure, stroke or TIA, dysrthymias and peripheral arterial disease : If you have history of any of it
Inadequately controlled hypertension : BP >145/90
Hyperthyroidism
Severe liver impairment
Benign prostatic hyperplasia with urinary retention
Glaucoma
Renal impairments
Pregnancy and lactation
Alcohol and drug abuse

Do not take Reductil diet pills if you have any of the above symptoms. These diet pills are safe but they need to be taken under a doctor’s guidance only.

by Katie

Imitrex and Migraine

2008-08-22T14:00:00.001-07:00

IMITREX [Sumatriptan] is indicated in the use acute treatment of migraine. Migraine: Migraine, the most common cause of headache, afflicts approximately 15% of women and 6% of men. It is a vascular headache, comes in attacks A useful definition of migraine is a benign and recurring syndrome of headache, nausea, vomiting, and/or other symptoms of neurologic dysfunction in varying admixtures. Migraine can often be recognized by its activators (Red wine, menses, hunger, lack of sleep, glare, estrogen, worry, perfumes, let-down periods) and its deactivators (sleep, pregnancy, exhilaration, triptans). Severe headache attacks, regardless of cause, are more likely to be described as throbbing and associated with vomiting and scalp tenderness. Milder headaches tend to be nondescriptâ€"tight, band like discomfort often involving the entire headâ€"the profile of tension-type headache. IMITREX [Sumatriptan] is a specific and selective 5-hydroxytriptamine1-like [5HT 1-like] receptor agonist with little or no effect at a variety of other receptor types. It produces dose related constriction in the cerebral circulation. It does not bind to alpha adrenergic, beta adrenergic, muscarinic, dopaminergic or benzodiazepine receptors Interest in the role of 5-HT a.k.a. serotonin in migraine has been renewed due to the introduction of the triptan class of anti-migraine drugs. The triptans are designed to stimulate selectively a particular subpopulation of 5-HT receptors. At least 14 specific 5-HT receptors exist in humans. The triptans are potent agonists of 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D, and 5- HT1F receptors and are less potent at 5-HT1A and 5-HT1E receptors. A growing body of data indicates that the anti-migraine efficacy of the triptans relates to their ability to stimulate 5-HT1B receptors, which are located on both blood vessels and nerve terminals. Selective 5-HT1D receptor agonists have, thus far, failed to demonstrate clinical efficacy in migraine. Triptans that are weak 5-HT1F agonists are also effective in migraine; however, only 5-HT1B efficacy is currently thought to be essential for anti migraine efficacy History: The development of sumatriptan was the first experimentally based approach to identify and develop a novel therapy for migraine. In 1972, Humphrey and colleagues initiated a long term project aimed at identifying novel therapy for migraine. The goal of this project was to develop selective vasoconstrictors of the extracranial circulation. They focused on the identification of 5-HT receptors in the carotid vasculature, on which the theory of action of traditional anti-migraine drugs was based during the 1970s. Sumatriptan, first synthesized in 1984, potently contracted the dog isolated saphenous vein which is believed to contain the novel 5-HT receptor located in the carotid circulation. Sumatriptan was approved by the FDA in 1992. Mechanism of action: Before the onset of a migraine, the 5-HT/serotonin level in the brain becomes extremely low. Sumatriptan is structurally similar to serotonin, and is a 5-HT agonist, which is one of the receptors to which serotonin binds. The specific receptor subtype it activates is present in the cranial and basilar arteries. Activation of these receptors causes vasoconstriction of those dilated arteries. Sumatriptan increases the 5-HT levels in the brain. Sumatriptan is also shown to decrease the activity of the trigeminal nerve, which probably accounts for sumatriptan's efficacy in treating cluster headaches. The injectable form of the drug has been shown to abort a cluster headache within fifteen minutes in 96% of cases. This type of headache is extremely painful and debilitating. The peak plasma concentration of IMITREX [Sumatriptan] i.e. on subcutaneous injection is approximately 12 mins and its bioavailability is approximately 97%. While on oral administration, the peak plasma concentration is 1 to 2 hours and bioavailability of only 14% to 17%. Adverse effects and Contraindications: Rare but serious cardiac effects have been associated with the administration of Sumatriptan, including coronary artery vasospasm, transient myocardial ischemia, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, and myocardial infarction. Most such events have occurred in patients with risk factors for coronary artery disease. In general, however only minor side effects are seen with sumatriptan in the acute treatment of migraine. After subcutaneous injection of IMITREX [Sumatriptan], a majority of patients report transient mail pain, stinging, or burning sensation at the site of injection. Other side effects are: - Paresthesia - Asthenia and fatigue - Flushing - Feelings of pressure - Tightness - Pain in neck, chest and jaw - Drowsiness - Nausea - Sweating. IMITREX [Sumatriptan] is contraindicated in patients who have a history of ischemic or vasospastic coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular or peripheral vascular disease, or other significant cardiovascular diseases. This drug is also contraindicated in patients in patients with uncontrolled hypertension and in those patients who are on monoamine oxidase inhibitors. It is not recommended for use in the pediatric age group and should not be used in the pregnant and lactating mothers. Indication: IMITREX [Sumatriptan] is effective in the acute treatment of migraine, with or without aura. The treatment should begin as soon as possible after the onset of a migraine attack. Approximately 70% of individuals report significant headache relief from a 6 mg subcutaneous dose of IMITREX [Sumatriptan]. This dose maybe repeated once within a 24-hour period if the headache doesnâ€™t subside after the first dose of sumatriptan. It should not be used concurrently with or within 24 hours of an ergot derivative nor should it be used with another triptan with 24 hours of each other. IMITREX [Sumatriptan] is not useful for prophylaxis of migraine.

by Bianca Casey

Finally An Osteoporosis Prescription That Will Help Inhibit Bone Loss

2008-08-22T13:58:00.000-07:00

Amgen NASDAQ : AMGN pharmaceutical company just released a report stating outstanding performance results for Pivotal Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Trial for denosumab.

Trial reached primary endpoint of Diminishing new vertebral fractures and secondary endpoints of reducing time to first non-vertebral and hip fractures; adverse events similar to placebo. The past president of the National Osteoporosis Foundation was excited." I am particularly excited about these findings because they indicate that denosumab may offer an important new option for patients."

Denosumab is the first fully human monoclonal antibody in late stage clinical development that specifically targets RANK Ligand, an important regulator of osteoclasts (these are the cells that break the bone down). Denosumab is being considered for its ability to inhibit all stages of osteoclast activity through a targeted mechanism. Denosumab is being researched in a range of bone loss illnesses including rheumatoid arthritis, postmenopausal osteoporosis, and cancer treatment-induced bone loss in breast cancer and prostate cancer patients| in prostate cancer and breast cancer patients as well as for its potential to defer bone metastases and stop and treat bone destruction across many stages of cancer.

Osteoporosis is often referred to as the "silent epidemic", osteoporosis is a global problem illness, which is increasing in dominance as the world population both increases and ages. The World Health Organization (WHO) has just claimed osteoporosis as a significant health issue in addition to other major non-communicable diseases. We are dependent on the pharmaceutical industry to help combat this horrendous disease.

According to Amgen the economic burden of osteoporosis is compared to as the "silent epidemi' to that of other major chronic diseases; for example, in the U.S. the costs associated with osteoporosis-related fractures are equivalent to those of cardiovascular disease and asthma. It has been reported that osteoporosis results in more hospital bed-days than stroke, myocardial infarction or breast cancer.

Clinical pharmacist have been researching prescriptions drugs to help patient who experience serious side effects. These products are created almost at the same time as the medications that assist in the treatment of the primary illness. The fact that information is available to help anticipate the possible effects and interactions drugs have with one another is awesome.

These medicines are prescribed to prevent and treat osteoporosis. Some medicines slow the rate of bone loss or increase bone thickness. Minute amounts of new bone growth may diminish the danger of breaking bones. It is important that you take calcium and vitamin D, eat well and exercise when you take osteoporosis prescriptions.

by CF Thompson

Buy Plavix - Protect Your Heart

2008-08-22T13:57:00.000-07:00

Heart attack, also known as myocardial infraction is one of the dangerous diseases that can lead to death. Heart attack occurs due to the interruption of blood supply to the part of heart and commonly it is due to the ecstasy of helpless commemorative inscription. The insufficiency of oxygen will lead to death. It may also results in sudden cardiac death. Every year millions of people are affected by this disease. Among these people half of the quantities are died. Risk of heart attack is increasing due to bad food habits and ecological circumstance.

Medical science has been searching its solution for many years. Now this search has got its result and that is Plavix. It is a medication that is used to reduce the risk of heart attack in patient who has already had a heart attack. This medication is also used for the cure of circulatory problem owing to lessening and consolidating of the arteries. A person who has already faced a heart attack or feeling any kind of problem related to heart attack can use this medication. But this medication should be used as prescribed by physician. The main task of Plavix is to slow down or stop platelets to shape blood clots in the heart or blood vessels.

Buy Plavix online is right option for you because there are many online drug sellers who are selling FDA approved medication with total information about the medications. Before using Plavix, you must follow the instruction of your doctor. You should take this mediation with full glass of water. It can also be taken with or without food. Some side effects are normal while using Plavix like continual nose bleeding, black, and bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood, chest pain, weakness, pale skin, and so on. If you are pregnant, then you must seek advice from your doctor before using this medication.

Plavix may be harmful for your unborn child. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant during the treatment, then you must consult your doctor first. It is a batter for you to stop Plavix in the situation of active bleeding disorders such as stomach ulcer or vaginal bleeding. If you are going to use Plavix then tell your doctor, you are using other medications for particular health conditions. It is established that certain medications may interact with Plavix.

Buy Plavix at affordable prices is right option for you. Plavix is an option of reduce the chance of heart attack. Make your life disease free by using this medication.

by Articles Manager

Should I Use Weight Loss Pills ?

2008-08-22T13:56:00.000-07:00

A lot of people wish to slim down as soon as feasible. For this reason, they opted to different fast remedies that can be bought around. A particular category of these quick fixes are weight loss pills. Many of these weight loss pills require the intake of the same for a period of time. They promise significant weight reductionafter such a period of continuous intake.

How do this work? Basically, they block out your craving.

There goes the trouble.

Even if majority of these weight reduction pills are presented as organic,a bunch of these really includes the artificial component ephedrine, That blocks out your hunger.

The organic element of weight reduction pills may be safe for the general populace, but ephedrine is not without any side effects. included in the harmful results of ephedrine are: anxiety, wooziness, tremor, alternations in blood pressure or heart beat, headache, gastrointestinal distress, chest pain, myocardial infarctions (heart attacks), hepatitis, stroke, seizures, psychosis and even demise.

These results were broadcasted by the Food and Drug Administration. On the other hand, several sectors claim the ephedrine is actually a safe weight loss solution, provided that the subject receives the right amount of dosage per day.

Studies conducted in Harvard University and Columbia University, for example, have settled that ephedrine-based weight loss pills are harmless and healthy if a person only takes 90 mg dosage to the maximum. An analysis done by the Cantox Health Sciences International found out an identical result, based on 19 clinical tests it acted upon.

The verdict?

There are numerous methods that one can pursue in order to lose weight. Fast remedies seldom happen as expected, if ever. Many of the effective reduction weight strategies include the adherence of suitable eating habits together with everyday work out.

Weight reduction pills are fast solutions. They will suppress your appetite to control your diet. On the other hand, even if you'd slim down for this reason, such weight loss won't be sustainable without regularized metabolism that will burn calories before they transform into fat. A healthy rate of metabolism can only be established via healthy diet and regular workouts.

by James Moore

Medicines For Heart Failure Treatment

2008-08-22T13:54:00.002-07:00

The heart pumps blood, which supplies nourishment to all parts of the body, including

itself. During each contraction, the heart pumps out a certain amount of blood but under

certain circumstances, such as in severe anaemia, chronic infection of lungs, overactivity

of the thyroid gland, rheumatic or bacterial heart disease, disease of heart muscles, after

a larger myocardial infarction (heart attack) and high blood pressure, its pumping capacity

gets decreased. This condition is called heart failure or congestive heart failure. Heart

failure does not mean stoppage of the heart as is generally believed. The decreased output

of the blood leads to back pressure of blood, causing enlargement of the heart and

engorgement of the veins. Due to this back pressure, some amount of fluid and sodium ions

pass out of the capillaries and collect in the tissues, causing swelling or edema. There is

also congestion of blood in the lungs, leading to difficulty in breathing and inducesing

cough. There is a decrease in the working capacity and even walking may be difficult. An

X-ray of chest, electrocardiogram and echocardiogram (ultrasonic examination of heart)

usually reveals the cause of congestive heart failure (CHF).

Treatment and Drugs

The treatment of heart failure includes general measures and drug treatment.

Bedrest: The patient must take adequate bedrest, for 10 to 15 days. The rest decreases the

work of the heart and helps in early recovery.

Diet: In congestive heart failure there is collection of fluid with sodium in extracellular

tissues. The intake of sodium chloride in the diet should be drastically reduced to 2 to 3 g

per day.

Drugs: The aim of drug treatment is to increase the power of contraction of the heart

muscle, control sodium and water retention, and decrease the workload on the heart and

improve heart performance.

Drugs which can contribute to the CHF such as verapamil, pain relievers, steroid hormones,

propanolol should be stopped.

by Franchis Adam

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2008-08-22T13:54:00.001-07:00

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